Trends and Movements

This blog is a response to a task assigned by Megha ma'am, Department of English (MKBU). This blog is about the trends and movement that prevailed in 20th century.

Existentialism:

Existentialism is a philosophy related to the question of existence. Finding the authenticity of life within oneself and finding individualism is the core of the Existential philosophy. Existentialism is like a type of thinking where people ask big questions about life. They wonder about stuff like why we're here, what's our purpose, and why life can sometimes seem weird or scary. Some key ideas in existentialism include feeling lost or anxious about life's uncertainties, the idea that we're free to make our own choices, and the importance of being true to ourselves and doing the right thing.

Existentialism is a way of thinking linked to some European philosophers from the 1800s and 1900s. They focused a lot on people and what it means to be human, even though they had different ideas. Some early ones were Søren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, and writer Fyodor Dostoevsky. They didn't like the idea that everything could be figured out with logic and were worried about finding meaning in life. In the 1900s, more big names joined in, like Jean-Paul Sartre, Albert Camus, and Simone de Beauvoir. They all had different takes on existentialism, but they all explored what it means to be alive and make choices.

Dadaism:

Dada or Dadaism was an art movement in Europe during the early 1900s. It started in places like Zürich, Switzerland, at a place called Cabaret Voltaire around 1916. Hugo Ball and Emmy Hennings started it there. It also took off in Berlin around 1917. In New York, Dadaism started around 1915, and then it became really popular in Paris after 1920. Dadaist artists and their activities continued until the mid-1920s.

Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917.

The Dada movement started after World War I. Artists in this movement didn't like the logic and reason of modern society. Instead, they made art that didn't make sense on purpose. They used things like nonsense, irrationality, and protests against rich people. At first, they did performances, but later they made all kinds of art like pictures, writing, and even sounds. They used techniques like collage, sound poems, and weird sculptures. Dada artists were against violence, war, and nationalism. They also supported left-wing politics, which are more radical and far from the center. The movement doesn't have a clear origin story. One story says a German artist, Richard Huelsenbeck, randomly picked the word from a dictionary using a paper knife. Another story credits Tristan Tzara with inventing it during a meeting in Zurich. Some people think the word sounds like a child's first words, which fits with the movement's playful and absurd style. Others believe it was chosen because it doesn't have a specific meaning in any language, reflecting the movement's global nature.

Avant Guard movement:

In art and literature, the term "avant-garde" refers to new, experimental works created by artists who push boundaries and challenge traditional ideas. These artists often come up with innovative and unusual styles, which might not be accepted by the mainstream art world at first. The term comes from a military metaphor, comparing these artists to the advance guard leading the way into uncharted territory. They break away from established artistic norms and literary traditions, paving the path for new movements like anti-novel and Surrealism.

The Overthrow of the Autocracy, a Soviet avant-garde painting.

Avant-garde artists are like the forward-thinking part of society. They use their art to push for big changes in politics and society. In an essay from 1825 called "The Artist, the Scientist, and the Industrialist," Benjamin Olinde Rodrigues talked about how artists should lead the way in making society better. He said art is a powerful tool for making quick and direct changes in things like politics and how money works.

In the world of culture, avant-garde artists try new things that challenge what society thinks is normal. For example, in the late 1800s and early 1900s, artists in fields like poetry, fiction, drama, painting, music, and architecture experimented with modernism, which was all about breaking the rules and trying new ideas. This started with a movement called Dada in the 1910s and continued with groups like the Situationist International in the late 1950s to early 1970s, and then with the American Language poets in the postmodern era.

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Existentialism

This blog is a response to a task assigned by Dilip Barad sir, Department of English (MKBU). This blog is about the concept of Existentialism. This blog is a part of a thinking activity, in which students have to watch videos and then share their views about the concept and ask questions regarding the topic. For further reading Click Here.

Existentialism

Existentialism is a catch-all term for those philosophers who consider the nature of the human condition as a key philosophical problem and who share the view that this problem is best addressed through ontology. This very broad definition will be clarified by discussing seven key themes that existentialist thinkers address. Those philosophers considered existentialists are mostly from the continent of Europe, and date from the 19th and 20th centuries. Outside philosophy, the existentialist movement is probably the most well-known philosophical movement, and at least two of its members are among the most famous philosophical personalities and widely read philosophical authors.

It has certainly had considerable influence outside philosophy, for example on psychological theory and on the arts. Within philosophy, though, it is safe to say that this loose movement considered as a whole has not had a great impact, although individuals or ideas counted within it remain important. Moreover, most of the philosophers conventionally grouped under this heading either never used, or actively disavowed, the term ‘existentialist’. Even Sartre himself once said: “Existentialism? I don’t know what that is.” So, there is a case to be made that the term – insofar as it leads us to ignore what is distinctive about philosophical positions and to conflate together significantly different ideas – does more harm than good.

(Fell)

I am impressed by these thoughts:

That everyone can choose their own life, not following any other traditional value. And it is individuality that you can determine your own value. In the video no. 2 time stamp 01:10, there is a reference of Albert Camus, according to him the suicide is an individual act and it is an work of art. Now when everything is absurd, and if one can not find the meaning there is also a way out and that is death. Suicide is not an negative art as we say that mortality is a boon because there is always a way out, one always have a option to end all the absurdity. It gives meaning to life, it makes life more free from all the boundaries, we can live fully because we know we will die. 

Another thing I like about the master morality is the concept of Ubermensch, In the video no. 8 timestamp 01:50 we find that concept, Not relying on anyone else having our moral code. The same idea we also find in the philosophy of Jean Paul Satre. In the video no.10 time stamp 06:05 there is a story of a student of Sartre who is not able to decide between the duty of a son or duty of soldier, there is that concept of our choice. There is no right value or moral sense in that decision whatever he would do is the right thing to do.

Which video do you like the most? Why?

I like the video 7: Introduction to Existentialism. In that video the concept of existentialism is nicely explained. At 01:20 there is a discussion about the origins, pioneers, centuries are discussed in detail. The reason behind the movement is also nicely explained about the World Wars and their impact on the life of the people(timestamp 01:38). The basic human questions like Why am I here? What does it mean to be human? How shouldI live my life? These are some common questions that people ask to themselves and from that only many philosophical ideas emerge(timestamp 03:02). There is a contradiction shown between the religious beliefs behind the creation of the human being and the individuality that how one finds one owns meaning(timestamp 06:20). Aristotle’s views on the same ideology also came into discussion about the essence of everything that exists in the universe(timestamp 08:00). The difference between Nihilism and Existentialism is also stated by the video creator that I like the most(timestamp 10:44). Nietzsche's statement that “Nihilism is disease and “Become what you are” are explained nicely(timestamp 11:15). The same concept of Existentialism that one can create one's own personal subjective meaning is discussed in the video.

How would you describe the 'learning outcome' of this activity? (Do you think that your understanding of Existentialism has increased or is there clarity about this philosophy in your mind or do you feel confident about speaking / writing in extempore on 'Existentialism' after this activity?)

Yes, I think my understanding of Existentialism has increased and I feel confident about speaking about the concept of Existentialism. Apart from the definition there are many different aspects that I observed in the videos. Like believing in God is escapism from the absurdity, It will stop you from thinking rationally, It will never let one find one’s true identity. And first of all to see the absurdity in the world one has to start thinking after understanding the absurdity, there must be acceptance that life is absurd and then finding our own meaning. The concept of Existentialism motivates us to think individually, choosing our own path. Through the absurdity we can understand ourselves. In life one has to take the responsibility of one's own actions and through that one can be free from the traditional idea. One needs God because when he fails in life there is someone to blame, there is someone to complain. So one escapes from taking the responsibilities of one’s actions.

Questions: 

1. In video number 3, at timestamp 02:18, there is a reference to Albert Camus saying, 'I am taking the liberty at this point of calling the existential attitude philosophical suicide.' Is he in agreement with this idea, against philosophical suicide, or simply trying to distinguish himself from existentialists?

2. In the second video, at timestamp 03:37, there are two sentences: 1) “Life is meaningless” and 2) “Let's commit suicide.” In response, Albert Camus says, “There is no necessary common measure between these two judgments.” What is he trying to convey through this line, and how does he later justify his point in the video?”

3. In video number 6, at timestamp 00:40, there is a reference to Emil Cioran, who says that passivity prevents him from committing suicide, and that is rebellion. So, according to him, is rebellion about committing suicide or fighting against it? Later in the video, another point of view is presented, that of Albert Camus related to the myth of Sisyphus. How does that contrast with Cioran's idea?

4. In video number 9, at timestamp 02:21, it is said that “Existentialism appeals to both the mind and the heart”. So, is Existentialism based solely on rational thinking, or does it also have an emotional side? And in what aspect can we find this emotional aspect?

5. There is Nietzsche's concept of Übermensch, which emphasises mastering morality. However, if someone develops a misguided moral framework leading to detrimental outcomes, would it be preferable for them to have a fear of divine consequence rather than persisting in their flawed moral beliefs?

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Reference:

Fell, Joseph P. “Existentialism | Internet Encyclopedia.” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, https://iep.utm.edu/existent/. Accessed 25 February 2024.

The Great Gatsby

This blog is a response to a task assigned by Dilip Barad sir, Department of English (MKBU). This blog is about a novel ‘The Great Gatsby’ written by F. Scott Fitzgerald. In this blog I  will write a review on the article: ‘Gatsby: False Prophet of the American Dream’ written by Roger L. Pearson.

'The Great Gatsby' is a novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1925. It's set during the Jazz Age in Long Island, near New York City. The story is narrated by Nick Carraway, who tells about his encounters with the enigmatic millionaire Jay Gatsby. Gatsby is deeply fixated on reuniting with his former lover, Daisy Buchanan.

The novel "The Great Gatsby" was inspired by F. Scott Fitzgerald's own experiences, including his youthful romance with socialite Ginevra King and the extravagant parties he attended on Long Island's North Shore in 1922. Fitzgerald began writing the novel while living on the French Riviera and completed a rough draft in 1924. His editor, Maxwell Perkins, encouraged him to revise the manuscript during the following winter. Although Fitzgerald was unsure about the title, he was satisfied with the text after revisions. The striking dust jacket art by Francis Cugat made a strong impression on Fitzgerald, and he incorporated its imagery into the novel.

In the preface Pearson talks about the American dream. Anyone can attain one's goals in America if one works hard. This concept can be found in the letters of William Bradford and Walt Whitman, St. Jean de Crevecoeur and Ralph Waldo Emerson, Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.

F. Scott Fitzgerald has liked the American dream more than any other writer of the 20th century. Similar to how Ernest Hemingway focused on the theme of a separate peace, the American dream was central to Fitzgerald's work. In his works the American dream lacked the optimism and fulfilment that can be observed in the other writers.

Further the writer compares the idea of the American Dream to a metaphor involving prophets from the Old Testament. The American Dream is seen as a vision of a golden age, with a messiah figure that looks the ideal American. According to the writer Fitzgerald presents Gatsby as this messiah figure, representing the fulfilment of the American Dream during the extravagant period after World War I, known as the Roaring Twenties. Fitzgerald himself saw this era as the realization of the American Dream, and he portrayed Gatsby as its central figure in his novel. For this argument he says that Gatsby fits in this role because he lives the American dream. There are so many similarities in the story of Jesus Christ and Gatsby as well as the characters and their names. However the character of Gatsby is not a stereotypical character, he has his own uniqueness.

In the novel there is a reference that Jay Gatsby is the son of God and he is also compared with Mammon, who is a symbol of wealth and materialistic things in the world. The beauty of this image of Gatsby's house is a dual one that seems that Fitzgerald has created a twentieth century replica imitation of Milton's Pandemonium. Fitzgerald has deliberately made the God-like image of Gatsby by withholding him from the novel, while surrounding him with different myths. Some believe him to have been a double spy during the war, others that he once killed a man, while some see him as a criminal lord of the underworld, dealing in bootleg liquor, among other things. Our first sight of Gatsby comes late one night when Nick sees him emerge from the shadows of his mansion. Nick sees that Gatsby's appearance gave the suggestion that he had come out to determine what share was his of our local heavens. Gatsby's arm is stretched seaward, and Nick sights along it to the green light at the end of Daisy Buchanan's dock. When he looks back to Gatsby, he has disappeared. Gatsby has come and gone as a ghost.

In this part, critics have different ideas about a scene in the wasteland between West Egg and New York City. They talk about how the big eyes of Dr. Eckleburg might be connected to another reference of Owl Eyes. Owl Eyes is the one who says sad words at Gatsby's grave. One critic thinks Dr. Eckleburg's eyes might represent a powerful god-like figure. This makes sense because George Wilson calls them the eyes of God. He says this when talking about how God sees everything, like when Myrtle was not being faithful.

Further Pearson talks about the "valley of ashes" in "The Great Gatsby" and compares it to T.S. Eliot's "Waste Land'' poem. It suggests that the world portrayed in the novel is spiritually empty and doomed to failure because of its focus on materialism. The valley of ashes symbolize this emptiness, similar to a dump outside Jerusalem called Hinnon in the Old Testament. The valley of ashes represents the corrupted American dream, influenced by false gods like Mammon represented by Gatsby. Meyer Wolfsheim, a character in "The Great Gatsby" who is associated with shady dealings like fixing the 1919 World Series. Wolfsheim claims to have helped Gatsby become successful and calls him a person of good upbringing, but this praise comes from someone who has questionable morals himself. Wolfsheim's character serves as a contrast to Gatsby's supposed nobility, highlighting the theme of moral corruption in the story.

There is a discussion of how Gatsby has a distorted view of what makes a person good. He admires Meyer Wolfsheim and Jordan Baker, despite their questionable behavior. Gatsby's lifestyle, including his extravagant parties and pursuit of a married woman like Daisy, reflects his belief in living for pleasure. He sees Daisy as the epitome of his American dream, even though she is portrayed as shallow and morally compromised. Gatsby's downfall comes from his arrogance and belief that he can manipulate fate and morality to get what he wants, ultimately leading to his tragic end. Again Pearson compares Gatsby to Mammon, a character from "Paradise Lost" by John Milton, who seeks wealth and power. Gatsby also tries to achieve his goals through his riches, believing that money can solve everything. At first, Gatsby's wealth helps him gain acceptance and even Daisy's affection, but eventually, he is abandoned by those who once admired him. Gatsby's loneliness is highlighted at his funeral when nobody shows up, symbolizing the emptiness of his pursuit of wealth and status. In the end, Gatsby is left alone, watching over his broken dream, much like Milton's Mammon who ultimately fails in his pursuit of power.

There is a description of Gatsby's death, which occurs around four o'clock when his chauffeur hears gunshots. Gatsby is killed by someone described as an "ashen fantastic figure," likely George Wilson, who lives in the valley of ashes and represents the negative consequences of Gatsby's pursuit of wealth and status. The imagery of passion and crucifixion is used to portray Gatsby as a rejected messianic figure, emphasizing his tragic end. Owl Eyes, a character in the story, sums up Gatsby's life with the words "The poor son-of-a-bitch," highlighting the tragic nature of his existence, born and ultimately destroyed by the hedonistic society he lived in. Nick, the narrator, reflects on Gatsby's upbringing, suggesting that he never truly belonged to his parents or the world he lived in.

There is a man named Flick, contrasting his past potential with his present reality. Flick never progressed beyond his job selling gas, checking oil, and changing flats. The word "just" emphasizes the simplicity and limitation of his occupation. Despite once having potential, Flick seems resigned to his current situation and often reminisces about his past achievements, which now seem irrelevant. Even off the job, Flick spends his time at the luncheonette, appearing worn down and insignificant, symbolized by the imagery of being "grease-grey and kind of coiled," reflecting his unfulfilled potential and sense of futility.

The discussion continues to describe Flick's sense of futility and entrapment in his life. The imagery of being "grease-grey and kind of coiled" suggests that Flick is trapped in a world symbolized by mechanic's grease, representing his symbolic death and entanglement in his circumstances. He feels caught between his past glory and his uncertain future, unable to find his place in the world. Flick is disconnected from both his past achievements and present surroundings, spending his time reminiscing rather than striving for a better future. The mention of Mae and the candy in the luncheonette highlights Flick's alienation from society and the fleeting nature of his past glory. The paragraph ends with a reflection on the tragic fate of many young people today who face similar challenges and are cut off from reaching their full potential.

(I took some help from ChatGPT for better understanding and organizing my thoughts)

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References: 

Fitzgerald, F. Scott. The Great Gatsby.

Prakash Book Depot, 2014.

OpenAI. "Explanation of Paragraphs from 'Gatsby: False Prophet of the American Dream'." OpenAI GPT-3, OpenAI, 2024.

Pearson, Roger L. “Gatsby: False Prophet of the American Dream.” The English Journal, vol. 59, no. 5, 1970, pp. 638–45. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/813939. Accessed 25 Feb. 2024.

The Waste Land

This blog is a response to a task assigned by Dilip Barad sir, Department of English (MKBU). This blog is about a poem 'The Waste Land' written by T.S.Eliot. Click here for more details.

The Waste Land is a twentieth century poem, written by Thomas Stearns Eliot. It is one of the notable poems of modernist literature. The poem was published in 1922, it is in 433 lines. The poem breaks down into five parts. In the initial section, "The Burial of the Dead," various themes of disillusionment and despair emerge. Following this, "A Game of Chess" unfolds with alternating narrations, showcasing different characters whose lives seem fundamentally empty. "The Fire Sermon" delves into philosophical musings on self-denial and sexual dissatisfaction. Then comes "Death by Water," a short depiction of a drowned merchant. Finally, "What the Thunder Said" ties everything together, delving into the poem's earlier themes through a desert journey.

The central theme of the poem is Death in life/living death. In the epigraph we find that the refrence of death comes. In the poem Eliot also talks about the spritial degradation and sexual perversion, throughout the poem there are various scenes related to these two major aspects of the poem.

1.) What are your views on the following image after reading 'The Waste Land'? Do you think that Eliot is regressive as compared to Nietzsche's views? or Has Eliot achieved universality of thought by recalling the mytho-historical answer to contemporary malaise?

Answer:

In the poem The Waste Land Eliot showed tge image of the modern society, contemporary society where Eliot has lived. He found so many immoral things in his contemporary as well as ancient society. In The Waste Land he tried to describe it with various examples from literary works, myths and stories. He also looks for the solution in the Indian myth related with Prajapati and his disciples. In the last part of the poem there are three ‘Da’s through which he shows the solution that is to give, to control one's own self and compassion. He looks for the solution in the past, where he himself says that in the poem that there was also the same immorality and perversion. So at that time people can't change themselves into good human beings with this solution now it is even more difficult. 

In contrast Nietzsche gave a new idea of “Übermensch”(overman). He also gave the idea that “God is dead” means the moral system related to God no longer exists. He said that now the new world requires a moral code which is not related to any idea of fear. It is self morality, people can be taught what is right and wrong and then they can decide by themselves what is right and wrong.

When we compare both the ideas Nietzsche’s seems more modernist than Eliot's. Nietzsche shows the path which is ahead, now people are mature they do not require any fear of god to act in certain way, in that very idea there is hypocrisy, if one does something because someone is watching but if there is no one to watch then what would be the behaviour of the person. Instead Nietzsche says that person should have his/her own morality, which is based on love and compassion. One is not doing anything wrong because his conscience says that something is wrong. In my opinion that is the right way to lead the world.

2) Prior to the speech, Gustaf Hellström of the Swedish Academy made these remarks: (read in the blog)

What are your views regarding these comments? Is it true that giving free vent to the repressed 'primitive instinct' leads us to a happy and satisfied life? Or do you agree with Eliot's view that 'salvation of man lies in the preservation of the cultural tradition'?

Answer:

I agree with the Freud's view because it is natural instincts which we have from thousands of years or perhaps more, now repressing that instincts will lead to abother psychological problem. When we talk about the traditions one can ask questions like: Who have made that traditions? Why that are still there in the society? Had someone done any research on that? How can they lead to salvation? and what is salvation? Has anyone seen any salvation? Now believing some traditional ideas blindly and saying there might be truth in that that is not a right of living in my opinion. Instead when we observe those instints, do reasearch and give some conclusion and try to observe that in our self too that and checking it is true or not that is the right thing to do.

3) Write about allusions to Indian thoughts in 'The Waste Land'. (Where, How and Why are the Indian thoughts referred?)

Answer:

There are several allusions to Indian thoughts in ‘The Waste Land’ that mostly occur in the fifth part ‘What the thunder says’ this sentence is taken from Upanishad – Prajapati spoke in thunder akashwani – to devotees are pointed out the way of salvation. Eliot shows the way of spiritual re-birth on the basis of wisdom of India. In these lines there are several refrence to India:

“Ganga was sunken, and the limp leaves

Waited for rain, while the black clouds

Gathered far distant, over Himavant.

The jungle crouched, humped in silence. 

Then spoke the thunder”

Ganga the holy river, Himavat which is referred to Himalaya mountains. First DA means ‘Datta’ means ‘a giver’ it is direct refrence to the myth of Prajapati. Second DA means ‘Dayadhvam’ means conpassion. Third DA ‘Damyata’ means self control. “Shantih shantih shantih”

the last line of the poem is referred to Brihadaranyaka Upanishad. 

4) Is it possible to read 'The Waste Land' as a Pandemic Poem?

Yes, It is possible to read 'The Waste Land' as a Pandemic Poem. The poem has the aspects of illness and flu but critics perhaps haven't tried to read the poem in that manner. There are many references as such. In her the book ‘Viral Modernism’ Elizabeth Outka tried to read the poem in that manner.

“April is the cruellest month, breeding

Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing

Memory and desire, stirring

Dull roots with spring rain.

Winter kept us warm, covering

Earth in forgetful snow, feeding

A little life with dried tubers.”

In the opening lines of the poem there is a perspective of the dead corpse who are buried in the ground. And it is a cry of them about illness and suffering of that time so in very first line we can find the reference of the pandemic.

“Burning, burning, burning, burning 

O Lord Thou pluckest me out

O Lord Thou pluckest

burning”

In the above lines we find the suffering that the human body feels in the illness. We all have experienced this feeling while we had a fever, the burning in the body. In this lines Eliot also tries to convey that suffering through these lines 

“A woman drew her long black hair out tight

And fiddled whisper music on those strings

And bats with baby faces in the violet light            Whistled, and beat their wings

And crawled head downward down a blackened wall

And upside down in air were towers

Tolling reminiscent bells, that kept the hours

And voices singing out of empty cisterns and exhausted wells.”

We find there are hallucinations in the poet's mind. We also experience the same feeling while we are ill. And there are the tolling bells which only sound when someone is dead, so there are so many deaths due to the pandemic so there is a tolling bell.

“If there were water we should stop and drink

Amongst the rock one cannot stop or think

Sweat is dry and feet are in the sand

If there were only water amongst the rock

Dead mountain mouth of carious teeth that cannot spit”

In these lines there we find the poet talking about the desert of spiritual death but there is also the reference to illness. While we are ill we continually struggle for water, there is thirst which can not be fulfilled.

There are also references to wind and water in the poem, which is related to the pandemic. As we have already experienced in the Covid pandemic that virus spreads through the wind and breathing, so wind is responsible for spread of the pandemic. And through water too the virus can be spread so these symbols also can be read in this way.

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Vita and Virginia

This blog is a response to a task assigned by Vaidehi ma'am, Department of English (MKBU). This blog is about the concept of 'Orlando' novel by Virginia Woolf. For further information Click Here.

Q) Who do you think is initiating the relationship, Vita or Virginia? Who do you think is taking advantage of this relationship? 

Answer: 

Vita is the one who is initiating the relationship. According to no one's taking advantage of other people. They liked each other and had a relationship even as an extra marital affair. In a way they both stayed together because of their own need and attraction.

Q) Who do you think is confused about their identity Vita or Virginia? Explain with illustrations.

Answer:

I think Vita is confused about her identity because she continually shifts from a partner to another. With a boy as well as a woman too. Even Verginia too does not feel about her identity. When she was happily married she still fell for Vita and had a relationship with her in that act we find she lost her identity.

Q) What is society’s thought about women and identity? Do you agree with them? If Yes then why? If no then why?

Society expects women to act in a certain way according to societal tradition and norms. In various aspects like clothing, relationship, night out, financial division and in many other ways women have to act in a very suppressed manner. I don't agree with it. Women should have all the rights that men have. They should be treated equally everywhere. It is us who bind a woman in various aspects of life otherwise there is no division between women and men. Women can do everything that men can in every way so equal opportunities should be given to women.

Q) Write a note on your observations of the society during that era.

Answer:

Early 20th century seems to have a constant change in society. Still there are several examples like women's role, that us more significant because movie has that theme. There is imposed women role, still our main character esacape that boundaries and be in the relationship. Men seems more understanding as a husband, they support their wives. Upper class people seem to partying and living lavish lifestyle. In between there is pressure of the society in which they have to behave. People drink and smoke cigarettes usually, dressing seems modern as compared to previous ages. Friend circles are rather understanding each other and independent. There are several groups in which they discuss various matters related to their contemporary life and writing.

Q) Write a note on the direction of the movie. Which symbols and space caught your attention while watching the movie?

Answer:

There are several aspects in the movie that attract our attention while watching a movie. First is clothing, every character has his/her own style of clothes they wear and that is so fashionable. Director has paid so much attention to the attire. In the movie while Vita and Virginia start having feelings for eachother there are growing leaves on the floor and walls, symbolising the feeling of the characters. 

Q) If “Vita and Virginia" had to be made into a Bollywood Adaptation, who do you think would be fit for the role of Vita and Virginia?

Answer:

For Vita I think Anushka Sharma and for Virginia Dipika Padukone would be best if the movie had to be made in Bollywood.

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